Brass Compression Fittings

Installing brass compression fittings is a straightforward process that provides reliable, leak-free connections without the need for soldering or threading. By following these steps carefully, you can ensure a successful installation. Remember to always double-check your work and test for leaks before putting the system into full operation.

Step 1. Prepare the Pipe or Tubing:

• Begin by ensuring the pipe or tubing is cut squarely and cleanly. A pipe cutter is recommended for a precise cut, avoiding any burrs or jagged edges that could interfere with the seal. Carefully inspect the cut end to remove any debris or imperfections. A clean, smooth pipe end is critical for the compression ring to properly grip and create a leak-free connection.
• Next, thoroughly clean the outside surface of the pipe where the compression fitting will be installed. Use fine sandpaper or steel wool to remove any oxidation, dirt, or scratches. This ensures a smooth surface for the compression ring to seat against. Measure and mark the insertion depth on the pipe, corresponding to the fitting’s internal depth. This mark will serve as a visual guide during assembly, ensuring the pipe is inserted fully into the fitting.

Step 2. Disassemble the Fitting and Slide Components onto the Pipe:

• Carefully disassemble the brass compression fitting. This typically involves unscrewing the compression nut and removing the compression ring (ferrule). Pay close attention to the order in which the components are removed, as they must be reassembled in the same sequence. Ensure that the inside of the nut, and the inside of the fitting are free of any debris.
• Slide the compression nut onto the pipe first, followed by the compression ring. Make sure the orientation of the compression ring is correct; it usually has a tapered end that should face towards the fitting body. Double-check that all components are present and properly positioned before proceeding. This step is crucial to avoid having to disassemble the entire connection later if a component is missed.

Step 3. Insert the Pipe into the Fitting Body:

• Push the pipe firmly into the fitting body until it reaches the marked insertion depth. Ensure the pipe is fully seated and aligned with the fitting’s internal bore. Verify that the pipe is straight and not angled, as this can affect the seal’s integrity.
• Hold the pipe securely in place while you slide the compression ring and nut towards the fitting body. The compression ring should fit snugly against the fitting’s internal shoulder. If the pipe is not fully inserted, or if it is crooked, it will be very difficult to tighten the nut, and a leak will likely result.

Step 4. Tighten the Compression Nut:

• Begin tightening the compression nut by hand, ensuring it threads smoothly onto the fitting body. Once hand-tight, use two wrenches to complete the tightening process. One wrench should hold the fitting body steady, while the other tightens the nut. Avoid over-tightening, as this can damage the compression ring or the fitting body.
• Tighten the nut until it feels snug, then give it an additional quarter to half turn. The amount of tightening required can vary depending on the fitting size and the type of pipe being used. A properly tightened compression fitting should provide a secure and leak-free connection. It is always best to test the fitting after installation.

Step 5. Test for Leaks:

• After installing the fitting, conduct a thorough leak test. For water applications, turn on the water supply and carefully inspect the connection for any signs of leakage. For gas applications, use a leak detection solution or an electronic leak detector.
• If a leak is detected, carefully tighten the compression nut slightly. If the leak persists, disassemble the fitting and inspect the components for damage or misalignment. Ensure the pipe is properly prepared and reassemble the fitting, paying close attention to the tightening process. Always remember, if you have any doubt, it is always best to start over.